Coronal ,saggital and lambdoid sutures of skull close during 2nd decade of life. One or more these sutures may close prematurely due to which growth of calvarium arrested in a direction right angles to fused sutures classification :-) 1 primary=present since birth with genetic basis 2 secondary=idiopathic hypercalcemia hypophosphatasia rickets,microcephaly diagnosis=prominent ridges over closed suture, asymmetry,confirmed by x ray of skull effects of craniosynostosis :- *cosmetic defects 1 dolichocephaly 2 brachycephaly 3 trigonocephaly 4 oxycephaly *proptosis and hypertelorism=growing brain within prematurely stenosed cranium exerts pressure causes displacement of greater wings of sphenoid bone
3) Growth of maxilla is interfered resulting in small nasopharynx.
4) arrested development of brain
5) optic atrophy.
Associated clinical syndrom:-
1) crouzon syndrome
2) alpert syndrome
3) carpenter syndrome
Treatment :-
-linear craniectomy along the affected suture should be performed early.
- orbital decompression is needed in some cases to prevent development of optic atrophy
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